ISSUES- Climate
Change & - Cancer
|
Table 4.
|
|
Cancer site |
Fraction of studies showing significant cancer protection |
Median relative risk of low quarter vs. high quarter of consumption |
|
|
|
|
|
Lung |
24/25 |
2.2 |
|
Oral |
9/9 |
2.0 |
|
Larynx |
4/4 |
2.3 |
|
Esophagus |
15/16 |
2.0 |
|
Stomach |
17/19 |
2.5 |
|
Pancreas |
9/11 |
2.8 |
|
Cervix |
7/8 |
2.0 |
|
Bladder |
3/5 |
2.1 |
|
Colorectal |
20/35 |
1.9 |
|
Miscellaneous |
6/8 |
--- |
|
Hormone-dependent |
|
|
|
Breast |
8/14 |
1.3 |
|
Ovary/endometrim |
3/4 |
1.8 |
|
Prostate |
4/14 |
1.3 |
|
|
||
|
Total |
129/172 |
|
GreenBalance note: How to read
this table?
The "Fraction of studies..." column gives the number of epidemiological
studies (studies of groups of people) indicating that consuming enough fruit
and vegetable does reduce the risk of getting a cancer, followed by the total
number of epidemiological studies.
The "Median relative risk..." column give an idea of the increased
cancer risk for people eating less fruits and vegetables. For instance, the
25% of the people eating the less fruits and vegetables get in the average
2.2 times more lung cancer than the 25% of the people eating them the most.
a From ref. [49].
Article reprinted from Mutation Research Frontiers, 7 September 1999
Source: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/archives/ppps/pdf/ma_reding_annex2.pdf